Have you ever experienced a slow internet connection? Yups, usually the way to speed up internet connection on a PC or smartphone, we have to change to several choices of DNS numbers.
Well, usually the DNS that has many choices is the IndiHome DNS . Not only IndiHome, other providers also have several alternative DNS.
Oh yes, this DNS is not only to speed up internet connections, but also to open blocked sites . Well, for those of you who want to know more about DNS, let's just take a look!
What is DNS?
So, this DNS will change the website URL that you type into the IP Address form, and vice versa. Because basically humans have to type in the IP Address if they want to access a website.
If you type in the IP Address in the form of numbers, then you will have difficulty remembering it. Especially if the numbers are too many.
Then, what is the function of DNS itself?
After you know what DNS is, you must be wondering, what is the function of DNS itself?
Well, here are some functions of DNS that are rarely known:
- Translating domain names into IP addresses, and vice versa.
- Provides website IP Address information based on the domain name entered by humans.
- Memorize all the IP Address of a website.
- Perform data collection on the email server.
- Affect internet speed.
So, that's more or less the function of DNS. Well, DNS itself also has various types. For those of you who don't know, read on!
Rarely Known Types of DNS
Well, what people really do is, it turns out that DNS has various types. For those of you who don't know, let's look at the following types of DNS:
1. A Record
This type of DNS A Record contains IPv4 which serves to map domains and subdomains to the IPv4 listed in it.
This IPv4 is a 32-bit IP address and the writing format is aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd.
2. AAA Records
The next type of DNS is AAAA Record . This DNS contains IPv6 which serves to map domains and subdomains to the IPv6 listed in it.
IPv5 is one of the newest IP formats with 128 bits. This format is usually used if the number of mapped IPv4 is still less compared to devices connected to the public internet.
3. CNAME Records
The next type of DNS is a CNAME Record. This type can also be called ALIAS and serves to create canonical name records by creating aliases for domain names.
This aliased domain has all of the subdomains as well as the same DNS records as the original. Well, usually this DNS is used to point the domain to the same webhosting.
4. MX Records
The next type of DNS is MX Record. This DNS contains a location information of the mail server used by the domain.
Well, usually this information will be automatically filled if we connect the domain to the hosting service used by the Nameserver.
5. PTR Records
The next type of DNS is the PTR Record. This type of DNS is commonly referred to as RDNS or Reverse DNS. DNS is usually only done by the owner of the server and the settings are also special.
Function is inversely proportional to A Record. Yups, this DNS will direct the IP to a domain or also a hostname. That way, we can know who the owner of the IP is.
If this type of DNS is very important in the mail server settings. Because if an email sent from a server does not have a PTR record, it will be considered SPAM.
6. NS Records
Continue again to NS Records, this type of DNS contains name server records that map a domain name to one of the DNS server lists for that domain.
7. SOA Records
Next there is SOA Record, this type of DNS contains records on the initial authority or Start of Authority. This DNS refers to DNS servers that provide authority information about internet domains.
This type of DNS also contains information about the domain that is currently connected to the service of a server.
8. SRV Records
The next type of DNS is the SRV Record. This type of DNS contains general information about location records.
9. TXT Records
The last one is TXT Records. This type of DNS apparently allows administrators to enter random data into DNS records.
These DNS records are used in the specifications of the Sender Policy Framework. Well, usually this type of DNS is used by developers to verify domains in the search console.
Advantages of DNS
Surely you are also wondering, what are the advantages of using DNS on the internet? Well, here are some of the advantages of using the internet:
- Make it easy for users to surf the internet
- Internet becomes more consistent when used
- Easier to configure
- Safer from hacking.
Well, now that you know what DNS is, its functions, the types of DNS and their advantages, now it's our turn to discuss how DNS works. If you want to know, let's see!
How Does DNS Work?
You need to know, guys, the way DNS works has stages. So, let's just see how it works, based on the following steps!
1. DNS Query
This DNS Query works by asking for IP Address information. This stage begins when humans type a URL into the address bar. Then the DNS server looks for the information in filehosts.
If the information you are looking for cannot be found, then the server will look for some of the information through the cache.
If you have cleared the cache , then there are 3 stages in the result when humans provide the hostname which then the following DNS provides the answer:
- Recursive Query = DNS Resolver will provide relevant information after searching the Root Server or Authoritative Name Server section. In addition, this DNS will display an error message where the information cannot be found.
- Iterative Query = DNS Resolver will look for information in the Root Server and Authoritative Name Server sections that are closest and most relevant to the DNS Zone.
- Non-Recursive Query = At this stage this server will find the fastest information through the cache.
2. DNS Recursor / DNS Recursive Resolver
When humans enter a URL and do not find valid information in the cache, then the DNS Recursor has the first task of finding the information.
The system will look for the information in the cache of the internet provider or through the Internet Service Provider (ISP).
3. Root Name Server
Furthermore, if the information you want to find cannot be found by the ISP, the system will look for the information to the Root Name Server.
The Root Name Server is a database that is responsible for answering questions about domains and IP addresses. But unfortunately, the server cannot provide the right answer for the information you are looking for.
Eits, but this server will still forward requests for information to those who know better. This Root Name Server works in alphabetical order, guys.
4. TLD Name Server
If the requested information is not available in the Root Name, the TLD Name Server will accept it by reading the type of information sought starting from the top-level domain.
That way, the system will provide information and then forward it to a server that actually has the data that humans are looking for.
5. Authoritative Name Server
After finding the server you are looking for, it is now the turn of the Authotitative Name Server on duty. Yups, in this section there is all complete information about the intended site.
If the desired information is appropriate, then the system will display the results via the browser. Of course, this result has a certain period of time when it is searched again.
So there will always be an up-to-date to ensure the desired result. In addition, this information will be stored in cache form. The goal is to make the query process faster.
So, that's an explanation of DNS starting from the meaning of DNS, the purpose of DNS, various kinds of DNS, the advantages of DNS and how DNS works.
Therefore, don't forget to share this article with your friends. So they also know the explanation about DNS
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